§ 01 · What an S-Corp actually is
An S-Corp is a tax election — not an entity type.
Your underlying LLC or corporation files Form 2553 and elects to be taxed under Subchapter S of the Internal Revenue Code. Income flows through to the shareholders and is taxed once — bypassing the corporate-level tax of a C-Corp.
The lever is your two pay channels: a reasonable W-2 salary (subject to FICA + Medicare) plus distributions (no self-employment tax). Most owner-operators earning $80K+ net leave $8K–$15K/year on the table by staying Schedule C.
Worked example
Over 35 years of 1120-S work — the partner who runs the math is the partner you call when the K-1 lands. We've been preparing 1120-S returns since 1989; the math below is the same math we walk every prospective client through, with their own numbers.
Solo consultant · $180K net SE income on Schedule C
| Self-employment tax — Schedule C | ~$25,400 |
| — If S-Corp had been elected — | |
| $80K W-2 salary → FICA | ~$12,240 |
| $100K distribution → no SE tax | $0 |
| Savings, year 1 | ~$13,160 |
Example only. Actual savings depend on your specific facts — reasonable comp varies by industry and role.